Facts about termites
Worldwide, over 2500 species of termites have been identified. They are sightless insects with soft bodies and are usually white or tan in colour. Some termites develop wings, although winged termites are not strong flyers. Termites are social creatures, inhabiting large colonies and they mostly feed on organic materials that contain cellulose, such as grass, wood, soil and crops.
While most termites contribute to the ecosystem of their habitat, about 300 species of termites are considered pests, because they cause economic damage to humans by destroying forests, crops and buildings. There are about 350 termite species in Australia but only a few of them feed on wood. These few wood-eating termites cause an immense amount of damage to our homes, commercial buildings and other wooden structures, such as power poles and fences. The two types of destructive wood-eating termite that thrive in Sydney’s warm, moist climate and attack buildings are a dry-wood species and a subterranean species.
Dry-wood termites live above ground and usually form their colonies in dead wood in the trees and buildings they have infested. As these termites don’t have a high need for moisture, they don’t need contact with soil. Subterranean termites, which are a much greater threat to Sydneysiders, need to maintain contact with the soil that is their main source of moisture. They build their nests below ground level and form underground tunnels to travel between the nests and the buildings they have targeted.
What both dry-wood and subterranean termites have in common is their ability to destroy from within, eating away the timber components of a home, including furniture, wooden cladding and structural members. A recent study by Archicentre, the national architecture advisory service, estimated that repairing termite damage to wood in Australian buildings costs $1 billion a year.
Building new homes using timber that has been treated (with pest control) or is naturally resistant to termites can be one way of helping to avoid termite attack. Being vigilant for signs of termites and having regular termite inspections can help you to take action before significant damage is caused. A termite expert first identifies the species that has infested the building and decides on the most appropriate control strategy. Ridding your home of termites may involve a combination of strategies such as destroying the nest, chemical treatment or baiting to eliminate the colony, and installing physical or chemical barriers to deter further invasions.


